Environment and health condition of any region depends on the air quality. Analysis of air pollution studies provides vital information for decision making process to implement planned actions, which in turn improves the air quality of a region. Air pollution modeling facilitates in assessing the exposure of airborne pollution by considering important factors which affects the validity and preciseness of model such as spatial and temporal resolution, characteristics of region and its population. By considering physical characteristics of air pollution such as wind direction, speed, temperature etc., while simulating pollutant distribution in air pollution model, we could know the spread of pollutants and its direction of movement. Integration of GIS with air pollution model provides a geographical dimension i.e. to know geographical position of air pollution concentration with respect to presence of plant and human life. GIS tools helps in understanding the influence of poor air quality in decreasing the health of human and environment. GIS helps in identifying potentially impacted areas by building a spatial relation between air quality and disease statistics of a region. Accrete Geo integrates GIS with air pollution models and provides details such as,
- Information of geographical distribution in terms of location, extent and distance of pollutants by understanding its spatial phenomenon.
- Impact zone analysis of pollutant intensity and its spatial extent dispersion at a geographical region.
- Study on the affects of pollutants on the socio-economic characteristics.
- Interpretation of the results in different perspectives to narrow down the cause of decrease in air quality.
- Identifying and monitoring of hotspots by analyzing high air pollution concentrations with demographic thematic layers, to provide a dynamic insight and help authorities to be more proactive in implementing strategic actions.
Water is the essential natural resource supporting all life forms. Water plays a crucial role in maintenance of ecological balance, forest resource development, soil fertility sustenance and wildlife conservation. Anthropogenic activities such as urbanization, industrialization, increase in population, economic activities and natural processes such as dissolution of salt from various rocks minerals, erosion during different stages of bio-degradation, dissolution of gases, volcanic activities are polluting water resources. Continuous degradation of water quality is posing a threat to health of human life, aquatic life and the surrounding environment. Effective water quality assessment facilitates in taking better water management decisions. This is fulfilled by RS and GIS techniques, which helps in obtaining information of water resources with respect to spatial-temporal scale, which are cost efficient, faster, accurate methods and overcomes the limitation associated with conventional method. Accrete Geo provides advanced RS and GIS techniques to asses water quality and provide information such as,
- Identification of pollution sources in a faster and accurate manner.
- Localizing hot spots of poor water quality and analyze the impact on human life, aquatic life and its surroundings.
- Provision of ways to improve water quality and facilitate in building a decision support system.
Effective management of solid waste generated from residential, industrial and commercial activities in a given area is a challenge. Management of solid waste leads to reduced adverse impact on environment, human health and balances economic development and provides a better quality life to people. Integration of GIS with Solid Waste Management provides an effective decision-making tool for planning and management of solid waste. GIS integrates digitized data layers for analysis such as, roads, land parcels, population, groundwater, built-up layers, topology, soil, well and environmental sensitive areas. GIS facilitates in visualizing, analyzing, manipulating, display of spatial data and linking of database to maps. Suitable site selection could be identified by setting the criteria, creating maps based-on criteria’s and overlay maps to analyze locations. Suitable landfills could be identified on the basis of analyzing different criteria’s such as property costs, soil suitability, overlying geological fault zones, proximity to residential areas, legal and physical restrictions, potential threat to public and groundwater and environmentally sensitive areas. Landfill locations and illegal dump sites could be analyzed by 3D analysis also. Routing efficiency of solid waste collection could be analyzed by monitoring real time position of vehicles, analyzing bin pick-up status, reducing unwanted trips to improve productivity, and identify suitable location and size of waste bins based on households. We provide facilities by integrating GIS with Solid Waste Management such as, identifying suitable landfill location, assessment of illegal dump sites, routing efficiency for solid waste collection, and monitoring of waste transportation performance.
GIS for Environmental Impact Assessment of a project facilitates in mapping the sensitivity of environment and its components and helps in analyzing both positive and negative impacts on the environment components, comprising of physical, biological and socio-economic. EIA helps to plan and take decisions for environmental friendly projects. GIS in EIA maintains efficacy and provides convenience to collect and manage data; and to analyze and visualize the results. GIS helps in reducing the subjectivity, while preparing EIA. GIS based EIA results are pictorial, which are easy to understand by non-technical decision makers. Remote sensing data which are spatial and temporal in nature could be easily integrated with GIS based EIA database, which will be helpful in the later stages of environment audit for same project. Accrete Geo works on GIS based EIA projects and provides information on Site Impact Prediction, Wider Area Impact Prediction, Corridor Analysis, Cumulative Effects Analysis, EA Audits and Real-Time Environmental Impacts Prediction.
Effective Emergency Management System can be built with integration of satellite data into Geographic Information System. Real time information along with multi-temporal satellite data of high resolution facilitates in risk assessment efficiently in GIS environment. We build Decision Support System to assess, plan, forecast and manage emergencies such as earthquake, floods, landslides etc, using ancillary data, satellite data and GIS spatial models.
GIS for Forestry facilitates in analyzing, assessing and managing of forests. GIS helps in Land Use/Land Cover and Change Detection analysis, which are important for managing, planning and mapping, due to urban sprawl and also forest fragmentation. GIS for Forestry eases to understand and analyze ecosystem and species diversity, forest health, forest productivity, reforestation, conservation of soil, water resources and nutrient cycling. Remote Sensing data and GIS facilitate for quick responses during emergency situations such as forest fire, by obtaining, analyzing and displaying spatial information in a timely and cost-effective manner. GIS helps to analyze socio-demographic factors for deforestation such as population growth, forest farming, gathering of fuel wood, clearance of agriculture and pasture for cattle production.
Aqua-culture and Fisheries are spatial in nature. GIS facilitates to better understand in spatial dimension, for marine aqua-culture development and management. GIS based Fisheries and Aqua-culture with remote sensing technology facilitate to assess suitability of site and zoning, resource migration, network transportation, markets, habitat quality and quantity with respect to distribution and abundance of plants and animals. GIS helps in quantifying the predicted potential. Remote sensing technology through satellite, airborne, ground and undersea sensors facilitate in acquiring required data for analysis such as, wave current velocity and height, temperature, chlorophyll concentration, usage of land and water. We facilitate in building a Decision Support System for Fisheries and Aqua-culture.
GIS technology has improvised the effective healthcare provision by health organizations and providers. GIS helps in meeting future demand by studying the demographic data, maintaining immunization records, studying on historical outbreak of diseases and, with information on current healthcare provider’s details, to allocate future healthcare providers. Epidemiological research can be efficiently studied by having location details in GIS environment, such as study on current outbreak of diseases with patient’s location and healthcare facilities accessible by patient along with the historical data of similar outbreaks. Accrete Geo facilitates in identifying new locations requiring healthcare facilities, network analysis for emergency services and maintenance of records in an efficient manner such as tables, maps and graph formats.